Blockchain to Improve Security and Reliable Data Access: Applications in Information Protection

Abstract

This study analyzed the use of blockchain technology to improve security and ensure reliable access to data in digital systems.  Blockchain was investigated in data protection, particularly in reinforcing security in distributed environments. The main blockchain applications considered were secure electronic voting systems, IoT systems (in the reviews analyzed there were more smart grids), and frameworks for working with this technology... A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology to evaluate the advantages, challenges, and opportunities that blockchain presents in protecting information. The findings demonstrated that blockchain, as a decentralized and immutable technology, provides an efficient solution to enhance data integrity and transparency, reducing risks associated with vulnerabilities in traditional systems. Additionally, advanced cryptographic solutions, such as combining AES and RSA algorithms with blockchain, or homomorphic ciphers thatimprove operation in terms of privacy and data security. Despite the benefits, challenges in scalability and efficiency were highlighted when applying blockchain to systems with large transaction volumes.   In conclusion, blockchain is a powerful tool to enhance data protection, but its large-scale implementation still requires further technological optimizations.