Digital Technologies and their Implementation in Smes in the Province of Cotopaxi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61236/p4k04v40Keywords:
Digital transformation, SMEs, ICT, Digital technologies, Digital competence, CotopaxiAbstract
Digital technologies represent both an opportunity and an urgent necessity for the survival of SMEs in the province of Cotopaxi. This research analyzes the level of implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Cotopaxi SMEs, identifies facilitating factors and barriers, and proposes recommendations for the effective integration of ICTs that contribute to their productivity, competitiveness, and sustainability. A mixed-methods approach was used for this research: a structured survey of 150 SMEs in the cantons of Latacunga, Salcedo, Pujilí, La Maná, and Saquisilí, complemented by semi-structured interviews with 15 business owners and 5 ICT experts. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses and regression models were used to determine significant impacts. The results obtained reveal an incipient level of digital maturity, with high penetration of basic technologies. Although a high percentage of SMEs have internet access and basic digital tools (email, social media, spreadsheets), very few have progressed to integrated systems (ERP), advanced e-commerce, or data analytics. The most frequently reported barriers include implementation costs, a lack of technological training, limited infrastructure in some rural areas, and resistance to change. Among the facilitating factors are the presence of institutional support, continuous training, and internal leadership with a digital vision. The study concludes that the effective integration of ICTs in SMEs in the province of Cotopaxi requires a multidimensional intervention model that involves not only SMEs but also public and academic institutions to foster a digital ecosystem that facilitates this critical transition, enabling SMEs in Cotopaxi to overcome their digital lag
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