Control of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and Its Vector Bactericera cockerelli in Tree Tomato (Solanum betaceum)

Abstract

The tree tomato has great qualities that provide a series of benefits in human nutrition and health, which is why the present study was carried out at an altitude of 2,710 meters above sea level. Having as objectives: to study the behavior of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and determine the environmental impact caused by the control of the Bactericera cockerelli vector in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) ecotypes. In the methodological part, a statistical analysis of PCA principal components was carried out to determine the determining variables of the behavior of the ecotypes, to identify the infestation of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, PCR tests were used, the environmental impact was evaluated using the Leopold matrix. Candidatus Liberibacter, in the control methods using gentamicin sulfate and oxytetracycline hydrochloride for: nursery and field (C), in the field (A1) and the witness (A0). The resistant ecotypes were: Granel, Atuntaqui and Providencia, with the molecules: imidacloprid, asoxystrobin, tridemorph, abamectin, pyridaben, formethanate, fipronil, profenofos and thiamethoxan for the control of Bactericera cockerelli. Concluding that there are ecotypes resistant to the disease in development, it is possible to control Bactericera cockerelli by applying the molecules: (acephate and imidacloprid); cyromazine; (spirotretamat and buprofezin); formathanate, generating a negative environmental impact, since the toxicological category of pesticides is type II – moderately dangerous; altering air quality, biodiversity and even the health of the farmer.