Blockchain to Improve Security and Reliable Data Access: Applications in Information Protection
Keywords:
blockchain, data protection, digital security, smart contracts, reliable data access
Abstract
This study analyzed the use of blockchain technology to improve security and ensure reliable access to data in digital systems. Blockchain was investigated in data protection, particularly in reinforcing security in distributed environments. The main blockchain applications considered were secure electronic voting systems, IoT systems (in the reviews analyzed there were more smart grids), and frameworks for working with this technology... A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology to evaluate the advantages, challenges, and opportunities that blockchain presents in protecting information. The findings demonstrated that blockchain, as a decentralized and immutable technology, provides an efficient solution to enhance data integrity and transparency, reducing risks associated with vulnerabilities in traditional systems. Additionally, advanced cryptographic solutions, such as combining AES and RSA algorithms with blockchain, or homomorphic ciphers thatimprove operation in terms of privacy and data security. Despite the benefits, challenges in scalability and efficiency were highlighted when applying blockchain to systems with large transaction volumes. In conclusion, blockchain is a powerful tool to enhance data protection, but its large-scale implementation still requires further technological optimizations.
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References
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Anwar ul Hassan, C., Hammad, M., Iqbal, J., Hussain, S., Ullah, S. S., AlSalman, H., Mosleh, M. A. A., & Arif, M. (2022). A Liquid Democracy Enabled Blockchain-Based Electronic Voting System. Scientific Programming, 2022(1), 1383007. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1383007
Chentouf, F. zahrae, & Bouchkaren, S. (2023). Security and privacy in smart city: A secure e-voting system based on blockchain. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 13(2), 1848-1857. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1848-1857
Daraghmi, E., Hamoudi, A., & Abu Helou, M. (2024). Decentralizing Democracy: Secure and Transparent E-Voting Systems with Blockchain Technology in the Context of Palestine. Future Internet, 16(11), 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16110388
González-Puetate, I., Marín Tello, C. L., & Reyes Pineda, H. (2022). Agri-food safety optimized by blockchain technology: review. Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín, 75(1). https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95760
Jaramillo, M. P., & Piedra, N. (2021). Un marco de trabajo basado en tecnología blockchain para mejorar la trazabilidad y la confianza en el intercambio de información entre Instituciones de Educación Superior. RISTI - Revista Ibérica de Sistemas E Tecnologias de Informação, 41, 97-111. https://doi.org/10.17013/risti.41.97-111
Llanten-Lucio, Y. I., Amador-Donado, S., & Márceles-Villalba, K. (2022a). Architecture of an intelligent cybersecurity Framework based on Blockchain technology for IIoT. Ing. Compet., 24(2). SciELO Colombia. https://doi.org/10.25100/iyc.v24i2.11761
Llanten-Lucio, Y. I., Amador-Donado, S., & Márceles-Villalba, K. (2022b). Validation of Cybersecurity Framework for Threat Mitigation. Revista Facultad de Ingeniería, 31(62). https://doi.org/10.19053/01211129.v31.n62.2022.14840
Majumder, S., Ray, S., Sadhukhan, D., Dasgupta, M., Das, A. K., & Park, Y. (2024). ECC-EXONUM-eVOTING: A Novel Signature-Based e-Voting Scheme Using Blockchain and Zero Knowledge Property. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 5, 583-598. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2023.3348468
Mohanaprakash, T. A., Ranganayaki, V. C., Minu, M. S., Durga Devi, A., & Cinthuja, K. (2024). Secure Routing E-voting Protocol based on Wireless Sensor Network Platform with Block chain. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research, 12(4), 1381-1390. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.37391/IJEER.120432
Morales, W. G. B. (2022). ANALISIS DE PRISMA COMO METODOLOGÍA PARA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA: UNA APROXIMACIÓN GENERAL. Saúde Em Redes, 8(sup1), 339-360. https://doi.org/10.18310/2446-4813.2022v8nsup1p339-360
Mullegowda, R. C., Hiremani, N., Birje, M., & Ramaswamy, N. K. (2024). A novel smart contract based blockchain with sidechain for electronic voting. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 14(1), 617-630. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i1.pp617-630
Ohize, H. O., Onumanyi, A. J., Umar, B. U., Ajao, L. A., Isah, R. O., Dogo, E. M., Nuhu, B. K., Olaniyi, O. M., Ambafi, J. G., Sheidu, V. B., & Ibrahim, M. M. (2024). Blockchain for securing electronic voting systems: a survey of architectures, trends, solutions, and challenges. Cluster Computing, 28(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-024-04709-8
Olivares-Rojas, J. C., Reyes-Archundia, E., & Gutiérrez-Gnecchi, J. A. (2023). A cybersecurity transaction energy system using Multi-Tier blockchain. Computación y Sistemas, 27(3). https://doi.org/10.13053/cys-27-3-4071
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., . . . Alonso-Fernández, S. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Revista Española de Cardiología, 74(9), 790-799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016
Sallal, M., de Fréin, R., & Malik, A. (2023). PVPBC: Privacy and Verifiability Preserving E-Voting Based on Permissioned Blockchain. Future Internet, 15(4). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15040121
Salman, S., Janabi, S., & Sagheer, A. (2023). Security Attacks on E-Voting System Using Blockchain. Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics, 4(2), 179-192. https://doi.org/10.52866/ijcsm.2023.02.02.016
Sharp, M., Njilla, L., Huang, C.-T., & Geng, T. (2024). Blockchain-Based E-Voting Mechanisms: A Survey and a Proposal †. Network, 4(4), 426-442. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.3390/network4040021
Singh, I., Kaur, A., Agarwal, P., & Idrees, S. M. (2024). Enhancing Security and Transparency in Online Voting through Blockchain Decentralization. SN Computer Science, 5(7), 921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-024-03286-2
Taş, R., & Tanrıöver, Ö. Ö. (2021). A Manipulation Prevention Model for Blockchain-Based E-Voting Systems. Security and Communication Networks, 2021(1), 6673691. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6673691
Umar, B. U., Olaniyi, O. M., Olajide, D. O., & Dogo, E. M. (2022). Paillier Cryptosystem Based ChainNode for Secure Electronic Voting. Frontiers in Blockchain, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbloc.2022.927013
Vinayachandra, & Krishna Prasad, K. (2025). Blockchain Based Cryptographic Algorithm for Data Protection in Electronic Voting System. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things, 11. https://doi.org/10.4108/eetiot.7680
Wahab, Y. M., Ghazi, A., Al-Dawoodi, A., Alisawi, M., Abdullah, S. S., Hammood, L., & Nawaf, A. Y. (2022). A Framework for Blockchain Based E-Voting System for Iraq. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 16(10), 210-222. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v16i10.30045
Wang, X., Feng, T., Liu, C., & Fang, J. (2024). Multi party confidential verifiable electronic voting scheme based on blockchain. Journal of Cloud Computing, 13(1). Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-024-00723-8
Published
2025-12-10
Section
Artículos
