REVISTA MULTIDISCIPLINARIA DE DESARROLLO AGROPECUARIO, TECNOLÓGICO, EMPRESARIAL Y HUMANISTA.
DATEH revista multidisciplinar, publicada en soporte electrónico. Tiene como misión contribuir a la formación de profesionales competentes, con visión humanística y crítica, que sean capaces de exponer sus resultados investigativos y científicos, en la misma medida que se promuevan mediante su intervención cambios positivos en la sociedad.
Revista Multidisciplinaria de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Tecnológico, Empresarial y Humanístico
Apego y regulación emocional en adolescentes de una unidad educativa de Ambato
Los constructos psicológicos del apego y la regulación emocional constituyen pilares fundamentales en el desarrollo socioafectivo de los adolescentes, mediando de forma crítica tanto el bienestar psicológico como la competencia social en diversos entornos culturales. Por tal razón, el presente trabajo de investigación se enfocó en establecer la relación existente entre el apego y la regulación emocional en adolescentes escolarizados de una institución educativa pública de la ciudad de Ambato, en la provincia de Tungurahua, en la zona central del Ecuador. Esta investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, y alcance correlacional-predictivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 234 estudiantes, con edades entre los 12 y 18 años, quienes completaron una ficha sociodemográfica e instrumentos para determinar la relación entre el apego (test CAMIR-R en versión reducida) y la regulación emocional (inventario de regulación emocional para adolescentes). Los datos se analizaron cuantitativamente, las variables sociodemográficas fueron analizadas mediante estadística descriptiva, y el resto de factores y sus respectivas dimensiones fueron analizadas mediante el modelo de regresión lineal múltiple. Los resultados indican que únicamente las dimensiones de apego: Autosuficiencia y Traumatismo infantil (ambas vinculadas al apego evitativo), y Autoridad parental (vinculada al apego seguro), emergieron como los únicos predictores estadísticamente significativos vinculados positivamente con la regulación emocional. Los resultados permiten comprender las dinámicas específicas de apego y regulación emocional en adolescentes en un contexto educativo específico, proporcionando una base empírica para posteriores estudios longitudinales.
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Asociatividad y sostenibilidad económica en el sector avícola de la Provincia de Tungurahua
La asociatividad se ha propuesto como un mecanismo esencial para mejorar la sostenibilidad económica de los pequeños y medianos productores agropecuarios en economías en desarrollo. Por tal razón, la presente investigación examina la asociación entre el índice de asociatividad y la sostenibilidad económica en el sector avícola de la provincia de Tungurahua-Ecuador. Este estudio cuantitativo se desarrolló mediante un diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y alcance correlacional. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 81 productores de huevos afiliados a diversas asociaciones, quienes completaron un cuestionario en línea entre enero y mayo de 2025. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva y correlación de Spearman. Los resultados indican que índice de asociatividad propuesto presentó niveles bajos a intermedios en el 96,8% de los productores. La correlación entre el índice de asociatividad y la sostenibilidad económica fue positiva con magnitud débil‑moderada (ρ = 0,384; p < 0,01). Además, la sostenibilidad económica se asoció fuertemente con el acceso a recursos (ρ = 0,593) y con la sostenibilidad ambiental (ρ = 0,743), pero no mostró una asociación significativa con el acceso a mercados (ρ = 0,214; p = 0,055). La capacidad de producción avícola se correlacionó negativamente con la sostenibilidad ambiental (ρ = –0,301) y con el acceso a recursos (ρ = –0,270). Los resultados constituyen una base empírica sistemática para entender la relación entre asociatividad y sostenibilidad económica en el sector avícola ecuatoriano, y pueden servir para rediseñar las políticas y estructuras asociativas para maximizar los beneficios colectivos en este importante sector económico.
Brechas de formación técnica y retos para la empleabilidad en el sector avícola de Tungurahua
La presente investigación analizó la relación entre las Brechas de Formación Técnica y la Empleabilidad en el sector avícola de Tungurahua, considerando la relevancia de este sector para el desarrollo productivo y laboral provincial. El objetivo fue determinar las brechas en la formación técnica y las oportunidades de empleabilidad n empresas avícolas. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, transversal, de alcance relacional y diseño no experimental. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 11 preguntas a 52 directivos del sector avícola y el análisis descriptivo evidenció que el 76,92% de los directivos identificaron pérdidas económicas y limitaciones tecnológicas como principales efectos de la escasez de personal técnico. La prueba Chi-cuadrado de Pearson confirmó una asociación significativa entre brechas formativas y empleabilidad (χ²=39,124; p<0,001). Posteriormente, se aplicó un cuestionario de 10 preguntas a 234 estudiantes universitarios y de bachillerato técnico. El instrumento presentó una fiabilidad (α= 0,892), donde más del 69% consideró necesaria la promoción de especializaciones en avicultura y reconoció que su fortalecimiento mejoraría la empleabilidad. La prueba de Friedman evidenció diferencias significativas entre las preguntas (p<0,001) y la correlación Rho de Spearman mostró una relación positiva alta entre brechas formativas y empleabilidad (ρ=0,745; p<0,01). Los resultados permitieron rechazar la hipótesis nula y confirmar que las brechas de formación técnica incidieron significativamente en la empleabilidad del sector.
Estrategias de asociatividad para el fortalecimiento comercial del sector avícola en Tungurahua
La presente investigación analizó la relación entre las variables estrategias de asociatividad y el fortalecimiento comercial en el sector avícola de la provincia de Tungurahua. La asociatividad constituye un mecanismo estratégico que permite a las empresas compartir recursos, fortalecer su poder de negociación y mejorar su competitividad comercial. El objetivo fue determinar la relación de las estrategias asociativas en el fortalecimiento comercial del sector. El estudio fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal con un alcance relacional y diseño no experimental, aplicándose un cuestionario de 16 ítems a 302 directivos de unidades productivas avícolas. Los resultados más relevantes corresponden a que el 83,3% de los directivos no reciben apoyo en la compra de tecnología, el 53,85% indicó ausencia de prácticas sostenibles y el 46,15% depende de intermediarios como principal canal de venta, reflejando debilidades en la gestión asociativa y comercial. El instrumento presentó un Alfa de Cronbach de 0,976, con una excelente consistencia interna. El nivel de significancia fue inferior a 0,05, rechazando la hipótesis nula y aceptando la hipótesis alternativa. Además, la correlación de Spearman mostró un coeficiente alto y positivo (ρ = 0,950), con una relación fuerte entre las estrategias de asociatividad y el fortalecimiento comercial.
Inventory management in supermarket: control, policies and procedures
Inventory management impacts the effectiveness of internal controls, influences operational efficiency, and affects the quality of business decisions. The purpose of the study was to analyze the inventory management policies and procedures of a supermarket and verify the level of compliance with current accounting standards to optimize stock control and minimize costs. A mixed-method approach was applied, using surveys and analysis based on the COSO I model to evaluate internal control and its inherent risks. The use of two inventory software programs was evident, with a lack of data on their effectiveness, absence of demand analysis, costs, and informal rotation of perishable products without the FIFO system. These shortcomings lead to excesses or shortages and associated risks. The COSO I model recorded an average level of compliance with 73.72% confidence and 26.28% control risk, with areas for improvement in risk assessment (62.86%). The inherent risk was 35%, influenced by errors in records, coding, and health risks, while the detection risk, although acceptable (10.87%), lacks guidelines to strengthen control. The company recognizes the importance of inventory in decision-making (94%). The adoption of a structured FIFO system, continuous training, historical demand analysis, and COSO I audits is essential to optimize management, reduce losses, and adapt the supermarket to a dynamic market, leveraging real-time technologies and rigorous procedures to increase efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Development and validation of a deep neural network algorithm for predicting critical environmental parameters in three-phase induction motors: an experimental study under controlled environments
Predictive monitoring of three-phase induction motors is a key challenge in industrial environments due to the complex interactions between thermal, electrical, and mechanical variables. This study proposes and validates a multivariate Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model for the simultaneous prediction of stator temperature, bearing temperature, and RMS vibration using experimental data collected under controlled conditions. The methodology includes preprocessing, leakage-free normalization, temporal sequence construction using sliding windows, and model training with temporal validation. Performance was evaluated using MAE and RMSE metrics, complemented by residual analysis, bootstrap confidence intervals, and time-series cross-validation. Results show that the LSTM model achieves consistent performance, with errors of approximately 6.8–7.0 °C for thermal variables and 0.83 mm/s for vibration. Comparison with traditional models indicates that Random Forest outperforms LSTM in thermal prediction, while LSTM provides advantages in temporal modeling and vibration prediction. The model exhibits a smoothing effect, limiting its ability to capture high-frequency fluctuations. Hypothesis testing revealed no statistically significant improvement over a baseline model. Overall, the findings suggest that model performance depends on dataset characteristics, highlighting the potential of hybrid approaches for industrial applications.
Virtual Reality for the Treatment of Social Anxiety: A Systematic Review
Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool in psychotherapy, particularly for treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). By creating immersive and customizable environments, VR enables gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking social situations in a controlled setting. This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of VR-based psychological interventions for SAD. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in major scientific databases between August and September 2025, including randomized controlled trials published from 2016 to 2025. Eligible studies reported pre- and post-intervention outcomes using validated measures. Findings indicate that VR significantly reduces social anxiety symptoms, showing comparable efficacy to traditional in vivo exposure while offering advantages such as greater accessibility, reduced discomfort, and lower costs. Self-guided VR interventions demonstrated limited effectiveness compared to therapist-supported approaches combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Overall, VR represents an effective and complementary resource for SAD treatment rather than a substitute for professional care. Further research is needed to standardize protocols, strengthen methodological rigor, and ensure safety across diverse clinical contexts.
The Municipal Expenditure Efficiency in Solid Waste Management in Ecuador
The efficient management of financial resources proposed for municipal solid waste management represents a fundamental pillar to guarantee environmental sustainability and good management of public services in Ecuador, the expenditure efficiency on integral solid waste management in the Decentralized Autonomous Governments (GAD) municipalities of Ecuador during the period 2020-2022 was analyzed, identifying provinces with efficient performance and those that require optimization of their operational processes. A descriptive quantitative approach was chosen, focusing on the 221 municipal GADs of Ecuador, employing secondary data from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) related to operational expenses, tons of waste collected, and territorial coverage of services. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was employed, enabling a comparative evaluation of municipal spending efficiency. The results demonstrate marked regional differences, with Guayas and Santa Elena exhibiting optimal efficiency, achieving effective management at lower costs. However, Azuay, Esmeraldas, Napo, and Zamora Chinchipe present significant inefficiencies, demonstrating a deficiency in operational optimization. It is shown that provinces with less optimized infrastructure face persistent challenges. Consequently, interregional heterogeneities in operational efficiency are established, showing the need to implement regulatory policies for technical-administrative strengthening in less efficient municipalities through the promotion of better management practices and strategic reorientation of public investments toward processes that maximize the optimization of available resources.
The antioxidant potential of hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) microcapsules on enzymatic browning in fruits
Hemp is currently a plant of great research interest, due to its pharmacological properties, in addition to insertion in the food industry, the present study focused on investigating the antioxidant potential of hemp microcapsules (Cannabis Sativa L.), for the inhibition of enzymatic browning in fruits. Therefore, a bibliographic review of the scientific literature was carried out, covering a variety of sources from databases and academic journals. The main objective of the study was to evaluate whether hemp microcapsules could be effective in preventing enzymatic browning in fruits, because it is a problem that affects the physical quality of fruits and the shelf life of these products. The results of the review indicate that hemp microcapsules have promising potential in preventing enzymatic oxidation or browning of fruits. It is promising in the food industry, as it improves the visual appearance of the fruit, extending shelf life, organoleptic quality and nutrient preservation. Despite these findings, there is a need for further research to better understand the mechanisms of antioxidant potential.
Impact of poorly managed organizational trust on the internal control of a segment 1 savings and credit cooperative
This study was carried out with the purpose of analyzing how poorly managed organizational trust affects the effectiveness of internal control in a segment 1 savings and credit cooperative in Ecuador by considering that excessive trust, when it is not supported by formal verification mechanisms, can become an institutional risk factor. The current research applied a mixed-method approach which combined a Likert-scale questionnaire directed to twenty employees, interviews to the manager and the credit officer, and an internal audit report review. Through this process, it was possible to determine that poorly managed organizational trust reached a medium level (average 3.1) and that the perceived effectiveness of internal control was high (average 3.8). Moreover, the audit report allowed the identification of specific weaknesses, such as deficiencies in segregation of duties, lack of adequate documentation for certain operations, and limited supervision of sensitive processes, so demonstrating that excessive trust can weaken the practical application of established controls. Thus, the findings showed that strengthening internal control depends not only on formal policies and procedures, but also on the conscious management of trust and organizational culture. Finally, the study raised the need to balance interpersonal trust with verification, accountability, and transparency within savings and credit cooperatives.
Quality teaching management in the instruction of statistics in basic general education at Unidad Educativa FAE No. 5, Ecuador
The present research seeks to respond to the general objective of analyzing quality teacher management in the teaching of statistics in Basic General Basic Education of the Unidad Educativa FAE No. 5, Ecuador. It will be assumed in the positivist paradigm, quantitative approach, in a field of study with a descriptive level, transactional non-experimental design, in which the population will be formed by twenty-one (21) Mathematics teachers who develop the statistics axis, In the Educational Unit generally teach two (2) teachers per year developing the statistics axis in Higher Basic and one per course in Basic Education that rotate each year and are fifteen (15) teachers giving a total of twenty-one (21) teachers, in Ecuador in the Institution the subject of mathematics is made up of four (4) axes: Arithmetic, Geometry and Measurement, Algebra and Statistics therefore they attend the statistics program, who will provide the required information by answering a questionnaire of twenty-four (24) items with response options always, almost always, sometimes, sometimes, almost never and never, its content will be previously validated by the expert judgment technique and the calculation of reliability with the Cronbach's Alpha method. The analysis of the data with descriptive statistics will allow us to conclude and give the respective recommendations.
Implementation of AI bots in the iADAN web system at the Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Rumiñahui
This document illustrates the implementation and use of bots that integrate artificial intelligence (AI), through the implementation of language model APIs developed by OpenAI. The purpose is to generate information in a coherent and organized manner within an academic institutional environment at the Instituto Tecnológico Universitario Rumiñahui. The objective of this research is to evaluate the viability and effectiveness of the integrated system of bots and AI, called iADAN, focused on improving interaction and access to information in academic contexts. As a method, a system was implemented using advanced technologies such as ChatGPT and Dall-e, integrated through APIs and supported by the Model View Controller (MVC) pattern and the Laravel framework, in an institutionally controlled environment. The results indicate that the iADAN portal has been successfully implemented, demonstrating significant improvements in interaction and accessibility to educational resources, and optimizing administrative and academic processes. It is concluded that iADAN presents itself as an effective tool in the academic environment, with potential for future expansion and enhancements that could include emerging technologies and new AI applications. This work represents a first pragmaticstep towards offering automated services based on artificial intelligence for the benefit of the institutional community, fostering the broad use of ICT in response to institutional needs.
The global method as an innovative strategy in the development of children's literacy
The so-called global literacy method, also known as the analytical method, serves to teach reading and writing based on the presentation of units with the complete meaning of words or phrases, instead of individual letters or syllables. The method focuses on children learning to speak based on the recognition of global patterns and meanings. This research analyzes the application of the global method in the literacy process of second-grade students in Basic General Education. A pre-experimental design with a mixed approach and exploratory, descriptive, and correlational levels was used. The sample consisted of 28 students from an educational institution in Baños de Agua Santa. Pretests and posttests validated by experts were applied, and the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Z statistical test. The results showed a significant increase in literacy skills, with 96% of students reaching higher learning levels according to the LOEI. The study concludes that the global method fosters meaningful, contextualized, and effective learning, positioning itself as an innovative strategy to strengthen literacy in basic education.
Social media manager and digital transformation for SMEs in zone 3 of Ecuador
This study examines the impact of the Social Media Manager (SMM) on the digital transformation of SMEs in Zone 3 of Ecuador, within a post-pandemic context. The research adopted a mixed retro-prospective and cross-sectional approach, focusing on evaluating the adoption of digital strategies and their relationship with the performance of the SMM. The methodology combined bibliographic and field research, utilizing surveys conducted with a simple random probabilistic sample of 373 companies across key sectors, including food, clothing, hardware, and pharmaceuticals. These surveys, designed with a Likert scale, gathered quantitative data on the companies' familiarity with e-commerce, digital marketing, and the role of the SMM. The results reveal that companies exhibit a mostly intermediate level of knowledge in e-commerce and digital marketing. Additionally, the perceived impact of the SMM on reputation and business competitiveness ranges from moderate to high. The study also highlights an increase in customer engagement with digital platforms following the COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing the importance of the SMM as a bridge between companies and their customers in the digital environment. It is concluded that digital transition guided by SMMs is essential for the growth and sustainability of SMEs in today's landscape. This role helps overcome challenges in constant communication between companies and consumers while improving digital presence and business competitiveness. Strengthening these practices emerges as a key strategy to address the demands of an evolving market.
Compensation for nutrient deficit in NFT hydroponic systems
The analysis of nutrient deficiencies in an NFT hydroponic system is essential for proper crop development. Since nutrient availability is crucial to ensuring that plants receive the necessary nutrients for their growth, it is important to implement strategies that allow efficient management and real-time control of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations, as well as water supply, to compensate for nutrient deficiencies. To dose the deficit, an ON-OFF control system was implemented, which is activated based on the maximum deficit level set by the user. Sensors continuously monitor the pH levels of the circulating solution and the reservoir level to ensure that the system activates upon detecting the minimum threshold, compensating for the missing amounts of nutrients and water through flow sensors and solenoid valves that regulate the passage of solutions and water. The system includes a monitoring mechanism that allows users to check the crop’s status and take corrective actions in case of any system failure. Additionally, the data stored on a microSD card enabled a statistical analysis, which determined that the dosed amounts differed by 5% due to the limitations of the sensors used. However, compared to a system without automatic regulation, it was found that N, P, and K concentrations remained more stable, which favored lettuce growth and reduced resource waste.
Data encryption methodologies for information Security: A systematic review
In today's digital environment, data encryption has emerged as one of the most effective techniques for ensuring information security and privacy. This paper presents a systematic review using the PRISMA methodology, analyzing various journals published between 2021 and 2025. After a rigorous selection process, we selected 15 publications, which were included in this article for review. The results show that traditional algorithms such as AES, RSA, and ECC remain highly effective in standard environments; however, new proposals such as enhanced elliptic curve cryptography (EECC), probabilistic encryption, and hybrid schemes offer significant improvements in security and adaptability. Notable contributions included AES variants that enhance the avalanche effect, hybrid cloud schemes that reduce data recovery times compared to conventional methods, and techniques applied to image encryption that improve robustness against differential attacks. However, these emerging solutions present limitations related to increased computational resource consumption and increased processing times, which restricts their application in environments with limited capacities or high real-time demands. This work provides a comprehensive view of the benefits and limitations of encryption in digital information security.
Blockchain to Improve Security and Reliable Data Access: Applications in Information Protection
This study analyzed the use of blockchain technology to improve security and ensure reliable access to data in digital systems. Blockchain was investigated in data protection, particularly in reinforcing security in distributed environments. The main blockchain applications considered were secure electronic voting systems, IoT systems (in the reviews analyzed there were more smart grids), and frameworks for working with this technology... A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology to evaluate the advantages, challenges, and opportunities that blockchain presents in protecting information. The findings demonstrated that blockchain, as a decentralized and immutable technology, provides an efficient solution to enhance data integrity and transparency, reducing risks associated with vulnerabilities in traditional systems. Additionally, advanced cryptographic solutions, such as combining AES and RSA algorithms with blockchain, or homomorphic ciphers thatimprove operation in terms of privacy and data security. Despite the benefits, challenges in scalability and efficiency were highlighted when applying blockchain to systems with large transaction volumes. In conclusion, blockchain is a powerful tool to enhance data protection, but its large-scale implementation still requires further technological optimizations.
Econometric analysis of quality wine consumption in Spain
This study, entitled “Econometric Analysis of Quality Wine Consumption in Spain”, conducts an in-depth examination, from an econometric perspective, of the time series on quality wine consumption in Spanish households, compiled from data provided by the Consumption Panel of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food. After analyzing the historical series, its dynamics are identified, and an ARIMA forecasting model is subsequently proposed and validated using the Box and Jenkins (1970) methodology, one of the most effective short-term quantitative forecasting approaches. Finally, twelve-month forecasts are generated with the model and subjected to validation.
Socioeconomic analysis of the dairy sector in the provinces of zone 3 of Ecuador
A socioeconomic analysis of the dairy sector in the provinces of Zone 3 of Ecuador (Tungurahua, Cotopaxi, Chimborazo and Pastaza) was carried out. The objective was to analyze the influence of different economic and productive variables of the dairy sector in the provinces, focusing on raw milk prices, production, the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the cost of the family basket, the total number of milked cows and the number of cattle for milk purposes. The research adopted a descriptive quantitative approach with a correlational and longitudinal scope for data collection and obtaining numerical measurements. Descriptive statistical tools and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze data from 2015, 2023 and part of 2024, which allowed identifying patterns in the evolution of milk prices and production. Cotopaxi presented the highest and most stable prices, while Pastaza showed greater volatility in prices and production. The importance of the number of milked cows was highlighted as a key factor in dairy production, with a more pronounced positive impact in provinces such as Tungurahua and Pastaza. However, in Chimborazo, the increase in herd size did not always result in a proportional increase in production, meaning that there are efficiency problems. The study underlines the need to promote modernisation of the sector and sustainable development, to improve competitiveness and ensure the long-term sustainability of the dairy sector in the 4 provinces.
Sustainable development as tools for coffee and cocoa production chains in Ecuador
This research project has information with the purpose of clearly examining how socioeconomic mechanisms influence the variables of the Cocoa and Coffee sector in Ecuador. The main objective of the study is to analyze the Impact of COVID-19 on the Cocoa and Coffee Value Chain in Ecuador. The proposed study is analyzed and the quantitative approach is used with the longitudinal design applying a descriptive correlational link. With the information for the analysis of data from the following statistical sources such as: Ministry and Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture and Fisheries (MAGAD), Central Bank of Ecuador (BCE), National Institute of Surveys and Censuses (INEC), International Organization of Coffee. (icocofee.org) and the National Financial Corporation (CFN). With the data obtained through research, it allows us to obtain the contribution of statistical models, the application of statistical models in data analysis, which is essential to understand behavior and identify how the periods of Covid-19 will affect exports of cocoa and coffee products at the national level. For the cocoa and coffee sector, the use of models such as scatter diagrams, times series and polynomial regressions allows interpreting the relationship between socioeconomic variables, such as production, prices, climatic conditions, and demand in national and international markets. The results of Covid-19 and socioeconomic factors have a relationship with coffee and cocoa products, there is a compensation of the sector variables among themselves at the national.
The economic sustainability of the dairy sector in Ecuador
The dairy sector plays a crucial role in the food industry and rural economy of a country, the production of milk and its derivatives not only provides essential nutrients but also employment and economic development in rural areas. The geographical diversity of Ecuador, especially in the province of Tungurahua, facilitates agriculture and livestock, contributing significantly to the local and national economy. The production chain of the dairy sector involves various actors, from small family producers to large agro-industrial companies. Informal and formal production coexist, with collection centers that facilitate the collection and processing of milk. The sector faces several challenges, such as global competition, changes in consumption patterns and the need for sustainable practices and to this end, an exhaustive bibliographic review of the contrasts and contributions of the various authors over time was carried out, considering that each one provides valuable information for the analysis of the context of economic sustainability within the dairy sector in Ecuador. It was concluded that the economic sustainability of the dairy sector seeks to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of producers. This includes the adoption of sustainable practices and compliance with strict health regulations, various institutions support the development of the sector through programs and policies that promote the quality and sustainability of dairy production, thus guaranteeing its positive impact on the economy and society Ecuadorian.
Development of an autonomous robot with artificial vision for obstacle avoidance
The implementation of an obstacle-avoiding mobile robot using artificial vision, using the Lego Mindstorms EV3 robotics kit. The robot is configured as a differential mobile robot, through the integration of sensors, actuators and a controller that allow its autonomous movement. The control system and navigation logic were developed in Python, using the Spider environment and the NumPy and Sklearn.Neural_Network libraries, which facilitated the implementation of the neural network by reducing the complexity of the mathematical calculations. For artificial vision, a Pixy camera was incorporated, responsible for detecting objects by recognizing the size and color of the objects and sending the information to the controller, allowing the neural network to make optimal decisions for obstacle avoidance. Concepts of direct and inverse kinematics are addressed to determine the position and speed of the robot, focusing on its geometric configuration. Through tests and adjustments in the programming, the EV3 mobile robot was able to move autonomously in its environment, avoiding obstacles and providing an auditory response on the detected colors. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the combined use of neural networks and artificial vision in the autonomous navigation of mobile robots.
Communication in public universities: information consumption and preferences in university students
Communication media have evolved throughout human history to adapt to society’s changing needs, playing a key and integral role in university communication management. Technological advancements have made digital media (social media) the preferred medium among Ecuadorian university students to access institutional information. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to identify students' preferences for digital media consumption by analyzing their behavior and preferred content on the platforms used by the Universidad Técnica de Ambato. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed from a methodological perspective, using a non-experimental cross-sectional design and applying a questionnaire to university students. The results show a positive correlation between the use of institutional digital media and students' sense of belonging to the content shared. However, the need to innovate in formats and diversify content is highlighted to better align with students' current preferences. In conclusion, the study confirms that university students prefer engaging audiovisual content that promotes interactivity, both in informational and entertainment content. This underscores the importance of optimizing communication strategies to strengthen the relationship between the university and its student community.
María de los Ángeles Telenchana Tenelema
Dynamic exercises in the development of visuomotor coordination in children at the initial level
This study focuses on the analysis of the practice of dynamic exercises in the development of visual-motor coordination. The objectives were focused on the theoretical foundation of the two study variables and on establishing the level of visual-motor coordination at initial level II, with the goal of selecting dynamic exercises that strengthen this visual-motor skill. The research has an exploratory-descriptive scope, as it allows for in-depth information regarding both variables. A quantitative approach was adopted, which facilitated the collection of data from the research population. The technique and instrument used allowed measuring the level of visual-motor coordination in children through the application of the 3JS Test with its 7 activities. The statistical results supported the alternative hypothesis, demonstrating that the study population presents adequate development of visual-motor coordination; however, weaknesses were identified in certain areas of the motor domain. This confirms the need to strengthen the practice of dynamic exercises as a pedagogical strategy to optimize motor development. In this sense, the study not only describes the current state of visual-motor coordination, but also provides practical activities that promote body stability, muscle strength, and hand-eye coordination simultaneously.
The impact of Project-Based Learning (PBL) on the development of the writing skill
The present study explores the use of PBL in the development of English writing skill in tenth-grade students. This research aimed to determine the impact of PBL on improving writing skill. A quantitative methodology was applied, and a pretest, posttest, and a questionnaire designed with the Likert Scale were used as the research instruments. The Wilcoxon test was employed to examine the differences between the paired groups in the intra-group level, and the Mann-Whitney U Test was used to assess the differences between the individual groups in relation to the inter-group level. The results reported that PBL significantly impacts the development of writing skill. It leads to determine that PBL is a powerful method to guarantee active learning and successful writing performance as students showed betterment in the writing aspects such as content, language use, and organization. Furthermore, students demonstrated a high level of collaboration/cooperation, creativity, as well as communication when working in groups. Those elements allowed them to feel satisfied with their final written products. In conclusion, PBL had a positive impact on the development of writing skill.
The teacher as mediator of language and literature learning
The language and literature teacher facilitates the development of linguistic and critical skills, focusing on reading comprehension, written expression, and analysis. By adapting strategies to the current context and diverse learning styles, the teacher aims to help students construct their own meanings, fostering personal judgment and reasoning in a dynamic social environment. This research aims to examine the teacher's role as a mediator in the teaching process within the area of language and literature, seeking to optimize and enhance the holistic development of students by understanding learning styles and the limitations of the educational system. The study employs a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) with a documentary and field-based methodology. Surveys are used to gather primary data on the perceptions of students and teachers in basic education. The analysis involves descriptive and explanatory methods applied to a non-probabilistic sample of 29 participants. Most students positively perceive the environment of trust and the clear explanations provided by the language and literature teacher. However, 61.54% of students disagree with the teacher's constructive feedback, despite 66.67% of teachers claiming to provide constant feedback. This reveals a disconnection between the perceptions of teachers and students. Improvements in academic reinforcement strategies are needed.
The process of teaching verb conjugation in higher basic education students
This article deals with the teaching of verb conjugation in upper elementary school students. It analyzes the strategies and consequent challenges related to the teaching of verbs to basic-level students through inductive methodology and modulation. The main objective of this research is to analyze dynamic and participatory teaching methodologies aimed at improving the process of teaching verb conjugation in Upper Basic Education students, with the purpose of implementing current pedagogical practices and enhancing students’ linguistic competencies. The results reveal significant difficulties among students in identifying verb tenses and the morphological structure of verbs (100% error rate), as well as in correctly transforming verb tenses (86.67% failure rate). In response to this, an interdisciplinary approach is proposed that integrates theoretical linguistics with participatory pedagogical strategies, emphasizing the development of metalinguistic awareness. Verb conjugation is a fundamental tool for coherence and precision in communication, and its mastery is key both in language teaching and in the use of various communicative contexts. For this reason, it is imperative to develop methods that combine findings from different sciences—in this case, linguistics and pedagogy. Applied linguistics makes it possible to generate theory and knowledge from morphology that can be directed toward education. Therefore, a comprehensive approach that combines theory, practice, and creativity is required. In this way, students are provided with a solid foundation for their linguistic development.
Sustainable development: a competitive approach to poultry farms in Tungurahua
This study analyzes the relationship between competitiveness and sustainable development in the poultry farms of Tungurahua in Ecuador, using a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental design, cross-sectional and correlational scope, the hypothesis is that greater competitiveness promotes sustainable development. The methodology included statistical analysis of both secondary sources with documentary research and primary sources through the application of questionnaires to 70 poultry farmers, data that were analyzed using tools such as SPSS and Excel. The results show that 49% of the farms surveyed reach a high level of sustainable development, and within this group, 46% present high competitiveness, confirming a significant positive correlation between both variables (rho = 0.679, p < 0.05). However, challenges remain, such as the low adoption of renewable energy (84.3%) and dependence on public energy, with limited investment in sustainable technologies. The concentration of farms in Pelileo and Ambato could also restrict diversification of the sector. Smuggling from Colombia has decreased due to the change in currency from Colombian pesos to U.S. dollars, since the price per bucket of eggs in Ecuador is now lower than in Colombia, which reduces illegal trade. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that strengthening competitiveness drives the sustainable development of the poultry sector, while highlighting the urgent need to adopt clean and sustainable technologies to ensure its long-term business sustainability.
Quantitative analysis of social networks in public universities - zone 3 Ecuador
The article presents a quantitative analysis of social media usage in public universities in Zone 3 of Ecuador. The objective is to evaluate online interaction and engagement to enhance popularity and activity on these platforms. A quantitative methodology was used, based on the collection and analysis of data from Facebook and Instagram using the Fan Page Karma tool. The research was structured into six phases, from setting objectives to proposing positioning strategies. The results show that universities have increased their visibility and engagement, highlighting the importance of measuring and optimizing digital strategies. The study concludes that effective social media management is crucial for strengthening communication and institutional presence.
Sensory acceptance of the lunch box of the school feeding program of the ministry of education in children from 4 to 6 years of age
The research was conducted at the Dr. June Guzmán Serrano School, located in the city of Quevedo, whose study focused on the School Feeding Program implemented by the Ministry of Education of Ecuador. The objective was to determine the sensory acceptance of the lunch box provided by this program in children aged 4 to 5 years. This age group is very relevant because it is at a stage where adequate nutrition impacts growth and cognitive development. In the period 2023-2024 the population is 90 students, the research included everyone, without taking into account any type of exclusions, this ensured that the results are representative. The initiative behind this study was to determine the acceptability of the food components delivered to the students. For this purpose, sensory acceptance tests were conducted, as in several studies it has proven to be a very effective methodology in children. The results revealed that 85% of the children mentioned that they liked the presentation of the food received, which shows the importance of presentation in infants. However, the study also revealed that there are areas for improvement as 45% of the children indicated that they did not like the taste of the products. This finding highlights the need to improve the palatability of the program's foods.