REVISTA MULTIDISCIPLINARIA DE DESARROLLO AGROPECUARIO, TECNOLÓGICO, EMPRESARIAL Y HUMANISTA.

Spelling activities to reinforce vocabulary learning

2025-02-07T15:47:34+00:00

Esta investigación examinó la efectividad de las actividades de deletreo en el refuerzo del aprendizaje de vocabulario en estudiantes de quinto grado. El estudio empleó un diseño cuasi-experimental con 68 participantes divididos en grupos control y experimental en la Unidad Educativa Fiscomisional Tirso de Molina en Ecuador. Se implementó una intervención de siete semanas, incorporando diversas actividades de deletreo incluyendo sopas de letras, crucigramas y juegos interactivos. Los datos se recolectaron mediante evaluaciones pre-test y post-test basadas en el formato Key English Test (KET) nivel A2. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en el conocimiento de vocabulario del grupo experimental, con puntuaciones medias aumentando de 2.24 a 5.06, mientras que el grupo control mostró una mejora modesta de 2.59 a 3.62. El análisis estadístico confirmó la efectividad de las actividades de deletreo, con resultados post-test mostrando una diferencia significativa entre grupos (p<0.001). Los hallazgos demuestran que la implementación sistemática de actividades de deletreo mejora la adquisición de vocabulario en estudiantes de primaria que aprenden inglés como lengua extranjera.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in productive and receptive skills in English Language Teaching

2025-01-20T17:34:50+00:00

This research examines the effectiveness of implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in developing productive and receptive English language skills in the Ecuadorian educational context. The study, conducted over 16 weeks, employed a quasi-experimental design with a sample of 240 students and 11 teachers from three educational institutions. Various AI tools were implemented, including Duolingo, ChatGPT, and other educational platforms, evaluating their impact through a mixed methodological approach. Results revealed significant improvements in all language skills, with average increases of 1.8 points in receptive skills and 1.6 points in productive skills. User satisfaction exceeded 80%, with Duolingo emerging as the most effective tool (92.3% effectiveness). The main challenges identified include connectivity (35% affected) and adaptation time (28%). The research demonstrates that the systematic integration of AI tools can effectively catalyze English learning, suggesting the need for educational policies that support digital transformation in language teaching in Ecuador.

Economic contribution of the beekeeping activity in producers of the dry forest of the province of Santa Elena

2025-02-05T19:36:48+00:00

Beekeeping in Ecuador has great potential for growth and development due to the social, environmental and economic importance it represents. This study was proposed to characterize the beekeeping activity and its economic contribution in the rural area of the Santa Elena Peninsula. A cross-sectional, non-experimental investigation was carried out. Surveys were applied to 150 beekeepers individually and collectively. The study variables were sociocultural characteristics, hives, harvested honey, products generated, income, expenses, profits, sources of financing, problems identified, type of economic activity, and marketing chain. It was observed that beekeepers are organized, receive benefits from the "Agromiesperan" association; prevailing the masculine sex over the feminine one, the age superior to 46 years and the primary educational level. 584 hives were registered in operation, 82.0% of the beekeepers managed between 1 to 5 hives; a significant number of them, 81.3%, do not apply any added value and are limited to producing honey. Problems with drought, insufficient flowering and pests have a negative influence on honey production. Economic activity significantly influences the income, costs and profits of beekeepers; those who develop it as a primary occupation manage more hives and higher honey production, generating more profits, followed by those who carry it out secondarily and finally those who carry it out alternatively. Beekeepers take advantage of different marketing channels, but the management of direct sales to the consumer.

Potential of tithonia diversifolia (hemsl.) Gray to increase agro-diversity in dairy systems of Pastaza, Ecuador

2025-02-05T18:57:26+00:00

With the objective of analyzing the knowledge, attitude and practices of producers to exploit the potential of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) Gray in dairy systems of Pastaza, Ecuador, in a first stage, a questionnaire was applied with 23 questions about the farm, the producer and cultivation in 300 farms. Data were evaluated using a multinomial logistic model. It was notorious that most of the questions were of a qualitative nature and their coefficients had a negative sign. The quantity and frequency with which they supply the forage indicate an increase in volumes and are direct practices that were thus reflected in the model. Knowledge about the ways in which T. diversifolia is used for animal feed and whether supplying it in the diet can help improve production parameters did not have significant differences between those who responded in favor or against, even with the scientific evidence on its potential. forage and nutritional value, which was corroborated, in a second stage, in an agronomic experiment that evaluated yield and chemical composition under five cutting frequencies (30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days). Tithonia diversifolia is a species that shows yield potential and nutritional quality, determined by the frequency with which the cut is made in the soil and climate conditions of Pastaza. It is necessary to improve the role of dissemination of knowledge, with emphasis on performance and nutritional quality, to modify the attitude of producers towards the potential of T. diversifolia in Pastaza dairy systems.

Restrictions for bovine production in the Colonche commune of Santa Elena province

2025-02-03T17:11:48+00:00

Ecuador suffers from productive, reproductive and sanitary limitations that have caused the existence of cattle to decrease in the last three years, which is why the objective of the work was to determine the restrictions for cattle production in the Colonche commune of the province of Santa Elena. A cross-sectional, non-experimental research was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Data with variability were used to characterize the systems using measures of central tendency and dispersion. The selected variables were subjected to Factor Analysis to obtain the restrictions, which were named by the researchers' criteria in relation to the processes that gave rise to them. There is an increase in participation in the new generations and academic training is also increasing. With the exception of those over 71 years of age who reduce their work to the majority eventuality and hand over the administration to the next generation, as well as due to their experience they are participating more in organizations; The younger ones try to diversify their income and over the years they go from partial to exclusive. In these, the predominance of the father is seen in the supporting role and an increase in the participation of communal entities is noted. Bovine production is limited by restrictions on Calf Rearing, Farm Size, Household Strength, Strengthening Innovation, Zoogenetic Diversity, General Health Condition, Production System, Genetic Progress, Dedication, Internal Control and Society Participation, which explain 78.3% of the variability in its operation. In this way, the existence of eleven restrictions for bovine production in the Colonche commune of the Santa Elena province show that although tropical climatic seasonality constitutes a significant element in the results, the socio-economic limitations, especially those that do not They contribute to the strengthening of innovation seen from a systemic approach, they constitute the fundamental axis that affects local food security and the long-term viability of livestock farms.

Identification of ecotypes of Trichogramma spp, as an biocontroller in corn crops in the province of Santa Elena

2025-02-03T14:46:47+00:00

In corn production, one of the limiting factors are phytosanitary problems, such as the stem borer (Diatraea spp) and the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). Historically, broad-spectrum insecticides have been used to control harmful insects, generating the emergence of resistance in the pest, high economic cost and negative impact on human health and the environment. To reduce the negative effect, it is necessary to constantly develop research into alternative control. Within biological control, Trichogramma species are widely used as parasitoids of pest insect eggs in different crops through release and population increase. The present research aims to disseminate information about the existence and distribution of the parasitoid located in various communities in the province, and also highlight its importance as an alternative to control lepidopteran populations. It was carried out with the objective of identifying the species and zonal ecotypes of Trichogramma spp, and its effectiveness as a biological control agent in corn cultivation in the province of Santa Elena. To collect ovipositions, we worked with corn plots that met the selection criteria, the species of the parasitoid Trichogramma dendrolimi was identified and the percentage of natural parasitism was calculated. The establishment and maintenance of the breeding stock was carried out with the parasitoids that were born from the collected postures, a total of 13 ecotypes corresponding to 13 places were obtained, additionally a comparison ecotype is included that corresponds to Trichogramma prentiosum, and serves as a reference. or control. The ecotypes were evaluated in laboratory conditions at a temperature of 28 ± 1°C, humidity of 73 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 12:12 hours. Through biological parameters such as percentage of parasitism on artificial host, percentage of birth, percentage of atypical individuals, sexual ratio and viability of parasitized eggs in refrigeration. Highlighting that several of the ecotypes presented greater potential as biocontrollers, the main ones being E2LAS belonging to the Colonche parish, Loma Alta commune, El Suspiro precinct and E9JDP belonging to the Julio Moreno parish, Juntas del Pacifico commune. Those that can be considered as candidates for release in biological control programs.

Production indicators, quality and conservation of quail egg (coturnix coturnix japónica) under amazon conditions

2025-02-03T14:15:59+00:00

In the Ecuadorian Amazon, the production of quail eggs is considered a profitable and interesting business for economic and food support. Quail breeding and research related to productive behavior, conservation and quality of its meat and egg by-products is a new field of knowledge in these edaphoclimatic conditions, so the objective of this research is to explore the behavior of quail. productive indicators, quality and conservation in the laying stage The research was carried out in the Santa Clara Canton at the experimental station of the Amazonian State University, which is located at an altitude between 580-990 meters above sea level, with annual rainfall of 4000mm and temperatures that range between 25-34 °C. For its development, hygienic-sanitary and feeding conditions were created for breeding. 72 5-week-old female quails were used and 18 quails were distributed per cage. These were fed taking into account the nutritional requirements, so the Bioalimentar quail concentrate was used. The experiment began at 10 weeks with quails weighing 110 g, whose weight, laying percentage, egg mass, percentage of broken and healthy eggs, feed consumption, feed rejection and feed conversion were measured weekly. Quality indicators were measured in 10% of the eggs per cage (24 weekly), selected at random. From week 16, the process of preserving the eggs began, the quality of which was measured at different conservation times (0, 5, 10, 15, 20), at a rate of 20 eggs per day. conservation. The indices evaluated were: shape index, shell thickness, shell, yolk and Haugh units. The data were processed by the SPSS version 21 statistical package and an ANOVA was applied and the differences in the means were corroborated with the Tukey test. The productive indicators did not present significant differences between the weeks evaluated, but there were significant differences for p<0.05 between cages. Feed conversion was acceptable (2.2 to 2.68); the percentage to 65 and 67% respectively. The shape index throughout the experiment indicated that the eggs were elliptical in shape, with very good Haugh units. With respect to conservation, significant differences could be seen for p˂0.05 in all indicators, these decreased as the conservation time increased, however, the Haug units still express a very good to excellent quality (75-95). The Japonica quail adapts well to Amazonian conditions, taking into account that there is a positive response in production as well as egg quality and its conservation.

Backyard animal genetic resources of the colonche parish: contributions and opportunities for the community families of Santa Elena

2025-01-21T14:53:12+00:00

To identify the backyard animal genetic resources and their contribution to rural families in the Colonche area, Santa Elena, in the first phase qualitative, economic, social and environmental research was carried out, field work visits were also carried out to observe, obtain and synthesize information about the ecology and breeding practices of backyard animals in this community. The study focused on rural households in the Colonche region examining the changes related to the identification, distribution, and management of animal genetic resources. The changes to consider included (number of animals per species, products, economic income, ecosystem role, management. Identifying the genetic resources of backyard animals and contributing to rural families is essential for several reasons. From a “food security” perspective, backyard animals provide an important food source for communities and provide the necessary nutrients to feed families. Effective control of animal genetic diversity is essential for food security, sustainable development, and improved livelihoods. The diversity of animal species corresponds to many important and fragile tasks, the protection of which is necessary for the subsistence and well-being of many individuals.In addition, the improvement and management of backyard systems can generate income that generally improves the quality of life through the sale of high-quality products (size, color, consistency, flavor) that are of interest to the local market.

Competitividad de los cafés robustas especiales por origen y métodos de beneficio, en Ecuador: 2016-2022

2025-01-14T14:07:29+00:00

Ecuador has the potential to become a producer of specialty robusta coffees. To be classified as special, a coffee must obtain an organoleptic rating of ≥ 80 points, assessed by a panel of tasters. The analysis of seven consecutive years of competitive events had as objectives: to describe the evolution of the sensory ratings of the 10 best Robusta coffees/year and to project the behavior of the maximum expected sensory ratings in the years 2023 and 2024. The results allowed determine that the maximum sensory rating of the 10 best Robusta coffees increased from 84.4 to 86.13 SCA points. Congolensis coffee genotypes represent 93% of the best coffees and only 7% corresponded to Conilón coffee. By territory, the coffees grown in the humid tropical zone (Orellana and Sucumbíos), were statistically the same (p=0.747) and these were very different from the coffees of the dry tropical zones (p=0.0002). The projection of the maximum expected scores in 2023 and 2024 indicate probable scores of 85.4 and 85.6 points at the lower limit of confidence and 86.78 and 87.02 points at the upper limit of confidence, in your order, denoting there will be continual improvement in mug quality

Effect of temperature, storage, nutritional characteristics of eggs from creole hen’s vs eggs from commercial layers and applicability in society.

2025-01-20T18:38:05+00:00

The aim of this study was to examine the nutritional quality of commercial eggs and criollo eggs as it is affected by different storage times both at a controlled temperature of 5 to 6°C and at room temperature in the province of Santa Elena ranging between 26°C and 28°C. A total of 300 eggs were analyzed, distributed in treatments of 0, 15, 20, 25, 30 days of storage, with 15 eggs in each group at both room temperature and controlled temperature. Various external and internal characteristics of the egg were evaluated, including height, width, weight and thickness of the shell, as well as albumen height, diameter, height and index of the yolk, and Haugh units to measure its freshness and quality. The study was conducted using a completely randomized experimental design, and the data collected were analyzed using SSPS version 21 statistical software. The results revealed highly significant differences (P<0.01) in internal quality, as evidenced in the yolk index and Haugh units. It was observed that the eggs maintained an excellent quality until between 0 and 5 days, with values that ranged between 110.82 and 106.37 being considered of excellent quality, decreasing to very good until 20 days in both temperatures with 83.43 and reaching acceptable levels until 25 days under controlled conditions with 71.60 and 75.24. Regarding the height and diameter of the bud, highly significant differences (P<0.05) were recorded in all treatments, with a decrease in height of 17.72 mm, while the diameter increased by 8.24 mm in T0 at both temperatures.

Use of tanzania grass (Megathyrsus maximus, Jacq.), yield and nutritional value in three cutting frequencies in manglaralto, Santa Elena

2025-01-14T20:00:01+00:00

The introduction into the tropics of grasses such as Tanzania grass (Megathyrsus maximus) creates new possibilities for livestock. The objective of the work was to determine the potential of Tanzania grass to contribute to agrodiversity in livestock systems in Manglaralto, Santa Elena province. 291 livestock producers were surveyed, the data was processed through factorial and cluster analysis. An agronomic experiment was carried out that compared three cutting frequencies (30, 45, 60 days) distributed in a randomized block design with three replicates. Yield, ashes, ethereal extract, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin and metabolizable energy were evaluated. The experimental data were processed by double classification ANOVA and Tukey's test was applied to compare means. Two main components were extracted that explained 81.8% of the total variability, factors that define the use and management of pasture was identified, which classified the farms into 3 groups. The Tanzania grass showed variability in the productive and nutritional responses according to cutting frequency, the dry matter yield increased with the decrease in cutting frequency; the indicators of chemical composition and metabolizable energy were depressed with the decrease in the cutting frequency while the fiber was increased. The best performance-nutritional quality balance was obtained at 45 days. The behavior of the Tanzania grass, in the environmental conditions of the area, indicate it as an alternative for the increase of agrodiversity, with a limited knowledge and use by farmers.

Identification of entomophagous insects in corn crops in the Santa Elena province, Ecuador

2025-01-14T17:56:39+00:00

The work was based on the identification of natural enemy insects of pest insects located in two agricultural areas of the province of Santa Elena, the communes of El Azúcar and Zapotal, where biological control had never been used. Systematic random entomological surveys were demonstrated in corn crops in these two communes. In plants affected by pests, samples of insects were taken in all stages, for their identification at the laboratory level. Collections of clutches of these insects were carried out and the eggs were counted, of these the parasitized ones were prolonged, the species of parasitoids were identified and the percentage of parasitism was calculated. In the El Azúcar commune, four types of Chrysopa were located: C. carne, C. externa, Ceraeochrysa smithi and Ceraeochrysa tucumana, in the corn crop. Telenomus remus and Trichogramma exiguum were also captured parasitizing the same Spodopthera egg clutch, as well as the coccinellids Harmonia axyridis, located in Alfalfa fields preying on green aphids. In the commune of Zapotal, Cheilomenes sexmaculata was found, reported in Peru as a new species; also the coccinellids Cycloneda sanguinea and Coleomegilla maculata were collected. These findings constitute new reports of entomophagous insects in the Ecuadorian coast and demonstrate the ecological plasticity of these parasitoids and predators.

Zonal ecotypes of Telenomus remus Nixon, as an alternative biocontroller of Spodoptera frugiperda in corn producers, Santa Elena

2025-01-14T17:31:41+00:00

Corn is of high agricultural and monetary interest, it is attacked by pests, among which Spodoptera, Diatraea and Reduviidae affect yield. For this reason, we sought to identify the species and the zonal ecotype of Telenomus remus, as an alternative biocontroller in the cultivation of corn in the province of Santa Elena. The research has a non-parametric character, for this purpose the information was developed and analyzed with the statistical program InfoStat and surveys and graphs were elaborated. The results show that Telenomus remus, has a higher efficiency as a biological control, when the applications of chemical insecticides are low, therefore the phenological stages of corn do not affect the work of the parasitoid since most of the damage caused by the pest is in full vegetative growth, therefore Telenomus remus, is an effective parasitoid of Spodoptera, Diatraea and Saccharalis eggs. It follows that the producers of the localities do not have knowledge of this species that provides great benefits to their plantations.

Determination of the social and productive environment of crioll goats (Capra hircus) and its importance in the community families of the Chanduy parish, Santa Elena.

2025-01-14T16:05:20+00:00

The objective of the study was to determine the social and productive environment of Creole goats (Capra hircus) and their importance in the community families of the parish of Chanduy, Santa Elena, Ecuador, which consisted of gathering primary information by applying previously structured surveys to a total of 136 goat farmers. The exploitation of goats is justified by their adaptation to arid regions with low food availability, and empirical management by their producers, with the Creole breed prevailing, which was selected for its ease of management and produced under an extensive exploitation system. The variables evaluated are related to current goat production and were grouped as follows: social composition, herd composition, feeding characteristics, animal health, facilities and marketing.

Technology and social networks: Evolution of secondary education in the city of Ambato

2025-02-13T19:26:39+00:00

This study examines the evolution of secondary education in Ambato, Ecuador, in relation to technology and social networks. Using a mixed approach, the use of technological tools in the classroom, students' digital competencies, and teachers' perceptions of the impact of technology were analyzed. The results reveal a significant adoption of various digital tools across all subjects, with progressive development of digital competencies in students. However, disparities in the use of advanced technologies between subjects and low scores in online safety were identified. Teachers' perceptions of technological impact are generally positive, although some challenges persist. The study highlights the need for a uniform strategy for technological integration, greater emphasis on digital safety, and ongoing training programs for teachers. It concludes that while Ambato has made significant progress, a holistic approach is necessary to maximize the benefits of technology in education, address identified challenges, and prepare the educational community for an ever-evolving landscape.

Energy efficiency in compressed air systems

2025-02-14T03:29:51+00:00

La presente investigación se llevó a cabo en la ciudad de Riobamba a una altitud de 2750 msnm, latitud 1°40′28″S 78°38′54″O y una presión atmosférica de 0,757kg/cm2. El objetivo general planteado es analizar las consecuencias de la presencia de fugas en sistema de aire comprimido mediante la utilización de la técnica de ultrasonido pasivo. Se construyó un módulo que simula un sistema de aire comprimido en el cual se provocaron fugas por medio de orificios con diferentes diámetros. El módulo de pruebas cuenta con tuberías de ½ pulgada e instrumentos de medida de presión, caudal, control de paso de flujo, pistón neumático, balanza, compresor. En cada fuga se obtuvo datos de decibeles, caudal de aire, perdida de presión, perdidas energéticas, pérdidas económicas. Con los datos registrados por cada uno de los equipos de medición se procedió a establecer gráficas relacionando parámetros de presión, caudal, descibeles, Kw/hora y mediante regresión polinómica se ajustaron los valores obtenidos a una recta de la cual se obtuvo una ecuación que permitirá establecer el perjuicio económico que representará para un sistema la presencia de fugas de aire en sus instalaciones, esto con el dato de decibeles obtenido en un equipo de ultrasonido pasivo.

La periodicidad de los elementos químicos y la tabla periódica

2025-02-14T04:08:43+00:00

La información sobre la periodicidad química en los buscadores web es limitada. Este estudio recopilo y analizo información de bases de datos especializadas para comprender este concepto fundamental. La periodicidad química es el ordenamiento lógico de los elementos según sus propiedades. Los primeros intentos de clasificación datan del siglo XIX, pero Mendeléiev sentó las bases de la tabla periódica moderna al ordenar los elementos por peso atómico, con la capacidad de predecir elementos por descubrir. El modelo nuclear del átomo y la mecánica cuántica completaron la comprensión de la periodicidad. La tabla periódica moderna tiene 18 grupos y 7 periodos, y es una herramienta esencial para comprender la química y el comportamiento de los elementos.

Determinación del recurso floral utilizado por Apis mellifera l. en apiarios ubicados en tres regiones del Ecuador

2025-02-14T04:49:18+00:00

Con la finalidad de determinar el recurso floral que utiliza Apis mellifera L. para la producción y la supervivencia, se recolectaron muestras de miel en tres apiarios ubicados en el cantón la Concordia, la parroquia Muyuna, y la parroquia Guamote, se utilizó el análisis melisopalinológico basado en la técnica acetólica para identificar la procedencia floral de las moléculas de polen según su tamaño, forma, por comparación con una palinoteca de referencia. Para el análisis estadístico se aplicó la prueba de normalidad de Shapiro Wilks cuyos valores fueron inferiores al 5 %, que no tienden a la normalidad, entonces se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica de Kruskal Wallis en las tres muestras. Los resultados fueron en la muestra de la Concordia se identificaron 13 especies en 9 familias según la frecuencia de polen fueron: Fabaceae (Chamaecrista calycioides) 21.27 %, Asteraceae (Tridax procumbens L.) 15.69 %, Solanaceae (Cestrum racemosum) 12.99 %, Boraginaceae (Cordia alliodora) 13.43%, Rutaceae (Citrus X sinensis) 11.25 %, En la muestra de Muyuna se identificaron 16 especies en 10 familias: Euphorbiaceae (Hieronyma asperifolia 20.08 % Mimosa polydactyla 20.75 %, Acalypha amentacea 12.74 %), Urticaceae (Cecropia engleriana Snethl) 18.98%; en la muestra de Guamote se identificaron 17 especies en 13 familias: Mirtaceae (Eucalyptus globulus) 26.87 %, Euphorbiaceae (Ricinus communis) 15.6 %, Asteraceae (Ambrosia arborescens) 14.5 %, Fabaceae (Trifolium repens) 12.27 %, todas aquellas superiores al 10 %. Según las clases de frecuencia de Louveaux las tres muestras se categorizaron como multiflorales, además de ello la muestra 2 como oligofloral.

Los derechos y la atención prioritaria y especializada de las personas adultas mayores en condición de abandono por la migración

2025-03-02T02:31:47+00:00

Esta investigación analiza la situación de los adultos mayores en condición de abandono debido a la migración de sus familiares en la provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador. A través de un enfoque socio jurídico, se evalúa la efectividad del marco normativo ecuatoriano y los servicios de atención prioritaria. Los resultados obtenidos mediante encuestas y análisis documental revelan que, aunque las normativas existentes ofrecen disposiciones claras, su implementación es insuficiente debido a la debilidad institucional y la escasa coordinación interinstitucional. Se identificaron disparidades significativas en el acceso a servicios entre zonas urbanas y rurales, con brechas de hasta 33 puntos porcentuales en servicios de salud. Los factores principales de vulnerabilidad incluyen la falta de apoyo económico (67.3%), el acceso limitado a servicios de salud (61.5%) y el aislamiento social (53.8%). La percepción general sobre la efectividad de los servicios públicos y privados es negativa, con un 57.7% indicando que estos no satisfacen las necesidades del grupo. Los hallazgos sugieren la necesidad urgente de fortalecer las políticas públicas y mejorar la coordinación interinstitucional para garantizar una protección efectiva de los derechos de este grupo vulnerable.